Tweet
In this video I will install Gentoo from Minimal Installation CD. The steps described below is for making a Gentoo install on a server from stage3 with manual kernel compilation.
Installation steps:
1. Boot from the Gentoo Minimal Installation CD. You will be presented with a the prompt boot:. Boot with following options:
gentoo-nofb acpi=off noapic nodhcp nofirewire nogpm nokeymap docache
2. Recommended. To avoid some errors, you need to check your date/time and update it:
date
date MMDDhhmmYYYY
date && hwclock
hwclock --systohc
3. Configure the network:
ifconfig eth0 172.16.50.63/23
route add default gw 172.16.50.200
echo nameserver 172.16.50.105 > /etc/resolv.conf
4. Check network:
ifconfig
route -n
ping google.com
5. Configure and run screen. We will need it in process of manual kernel configuration:
wget sysadmin.md/stuff/.screenrc
screen
6. Partitioning the disk. I will use cfdisk:
cfdisk
sda1 - for /boot. Size 102 MB
sda2 - for swap. Size 512 MB
sda3 - for /. Size 8192 MB
7. Make and activate swap filesystems:
mkswap /dev/sda2 && swapon /dev/sda2
free -m | grep Swap
8. Create ext3 filesystems for /boot and / partitions:
mke2fs -j /dev/sda1 && mke2fs -j /dev/sda3
9. Mount /boot and /
mount -t ext3 /dev/sda3 /mnt/gentoo
mkdir /mnt/gentoo/boot
mount -t ext3 /dev/sda1 /mnt/gentoo/boot
10. Verify:
mount | grep sda
cd /mnt/gentoo
11. Download the Stage and Portage tree tarballs. Go to one of Gentoo mirrors and download stage-3, portage tarballs and their DIGEST (or md5) files. Ex:
links http://distfiles.gentoo.md
12. Check tarballs integrity with md5sum:
md5sum -c stage3*.tar.bz2.md5.DIGEST
md5sum -c portage*.tar.bz2.md5sum.DIGEST
13. Unpack the Stage and Portage tree tarballs:
tar xvjpf stage3*.tar.bz2
tar xvjf portage*.tar.bz2 -C /mnt/gentoo/usr
14. Download a make.conf and package.use templates and edit them with vim (or nano):
mv etc/make.conf etc/make.conf.old
wget sysadmin.md/stuff/make.conf -O etc/make.conf
mkdir etc/portage
wget sysadmin.md/stuff/package.use -O etc/portage/package.use
vi etc/make.conf
15. Verify CHOST variable. This variable should be taken from make.conf.old and copied to make.conf template. Use screen to display make.conf.old file contents in another tab:
cat /mnt/gentoo/etc/make.conf.old | grep CHOST
16. Gather information about CPU and change CFLAGS and CXXFLAGS variables. You will need:
vendor_id
cpu family
model
model name
less /proc/cpuinfo
The safe flags can be found on http://gentoo-wiki.com/Safe_Cflags
17. Change MAKEOPTS variable. A good choice is the number of CPUs in your system plus one. To obtain number of CPU’s use the following command:
cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep ^processor | wc -l
18. Change the variables and USE flags in make.conf template. If you don’t know the destination about specified USE flag, just comment it. A full de******ion on the available USE flags can be found on your system in /usr/portage/profiles/use.desc.
After that, save make.conf.
19. Also edit, if necessary, package.use template:
vi etc/portage/package.use
20. Mount proc and dev filesystems:
mount -t proc none /mnt/gentoo/proc
mount -o bind /dev /mnt/gentoo/dev
21. Copy nameservers info:
cp /etc/resolv.conf etc/
22. Chroot in prepared environment:
chroot /mnt/gentoo /bin/bash
env-update && source /etc/profile
23. Change timezone and set clock options:
cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Chisinau /etc/localtime
nano -w /etc/conf.d/clock
CLOCK="local"
CLOCK_SYSTOHC="yes"
24. Important! You should check again your date/time and update it:
date
date MMDDhhmmYYYY
date && hwclock
hwclock --systohc
25. Update the Portage tree and portage itself:
emerge --sync
emerge -av portage
dispatch-conf
26. Install a kernel sources:
emerge -av gentoo-sources
27. Configure the kernel. You can use screen and tools such lspci/lsusb to gather the hardware information:
cd /usr/src/linux
make menuconfig
lspci -v
28. Compile the kernel and modules:
make && make modules
29. Install GRUB bootloader:
cd
emerge -av grub
30. Install the kernel and modules:
make install && make modules_install
31. Configure GRUB bootloader:
wget sysadmin.md/stuff/grub.conf -O /boot/grub/grub.conf
nano /boot/grub/grub.conf
32. Set up GRUB from grub shell:
grub
grub>find /boot/grub/stage1
grub>root (hd0,0)
grub>setup (hd0)
grub>quit
33. Create and edit /etc/fstab:
wget sysadmin.md/stuff/fstab -O /etc/fstab
nano /etc/fstab
34. Network files configuration:
echo HOSTNAME="gentoosrv" > /etc/conf.d/hostname
nano /etc/hosts
nano /etc/conf.d/net
config_eth0=( "172.16.50.63/23" )
routes_eth0=( "default gw 172.16.50.200")
dns_domain="home.lan"
rc-update add net.eth0 default
35.
36. Instal system logger and sheduler and add them to runlevel default:
emerge -av syslog-ng vixie-cron
rc-update add syslog-ng default
rc-update add vixie-cron default
37. Change root password:
passwd
38. Add a user:
useradd -m -G users,wheel -s /bin/bash dima && passwd dima
39. Add sshd to default runlevel:
rc-update add sshd default
40. Exit the chrooted environment, unmount all partitions and reboot:
env-update && source /etc/profile
exit
cd
umount /mnt/gentoo/boot /mnt/gentoo/dev /mnt/gentoo/proc /mnt/gentoo
reboot
41. Post install operations. Recompile entire world with new settings from make.conf (this may take a couple of hours):
emerge -eav world
dispatch-conf
42. Cleanup:
env-update && source /etc/profile
emerge -a --depclean
emerge -av gentoolkit
revdep-rebuild
env-update && source /etc/profile
43. Install additional software:
emerge -av sudo screen mc vim links logrotate ntp rcs htop
44. Sync system time with a time server:
ntpdate -bu pool.ntp.org
hwclock --systohc
find / | xargs touch
Installation steps:
1. Boot from the Gentoo Minimal Installation CD. You will be presented with a the prompt boot:. Boot with following options:
gentoo-nofb acpi=off noapic nodhcp nofirewire nogpm nokeymap docache
2. Recommended. To avoid some errors, you need to check your date/time and update it:
date
date MMDDhhmmYYYY
date && hwclock
hwclock --systohc
3. Configure the network:
ifconfig eth0 172.16.50.63/23
route add default gw 172.16.50.200
echo nameserver 172.16.50.105 > /etc/resolv.conf
4. Check network:
ifconfig
route -n
ping google.com
5. Configure and run screen. We will need it in process of manual kernel configuration:
wget sysadmin.md/stuff/.screenrc
screen
6. Partitioning the disk. I will use cfdisk:
cfdisk
sda1 - for /boot. Size 102 MB
sda2 - for swap. Size 512 MB
sda3 - for /. Size 8192 MB
7. Make and activate swap filesystems:
mkswap /dev/sda2 && swapon /dev/sda2
free -m | grep Swap
8. Create ext3 filesystems for /boot and / partitions:
mke2fs -j /dev/sda1 && mke2fs -j /dev/sda3
9. Mount /boot and /
mount -t ext3 /dev/sda3 /mnt/gentoo
mkdir /mnt/gentoo/boot
mount -t ext3 /dev/sda1 /mnt/gentoo/boot
10. Verify:
mount | grep sda
cd /mnt/gentoo
11. Download the Stage and Portage tree tarballs. Go to one of Gentoo mirrors and download stage-3, portage tarballs and their DIGEST (or md5) files. Ex:
links http://distfiles.gentoo.md
12. Check tarballs integrity with md5sum:
md5sum -c stage3*.tar.bz2.md5.DIGEST
md5sum -c portage*.tar.bz2.md5sum.DIGEST
13. Unpack the Stage and Portage tree tarballs:
tar xvjpf stage3*.tar.bz2
tar xvjf portage*.tar.bz2 -C /mnt/gentoo/usr
14. Download a make.conf and package.use templates and edit them with vim (or nano):
mv etc/make.conf etc/make.conf.old
wget sysadmin.md/stuff/make.conf -O etc/make.conf
mkdir etc/portage
wget sysadmin.md/stuff/package.use -O etc/portage/package.use
vi etc/make.conf
15. Verify CHOST variable. This variable should be taken from make.conf.old and copied to make.conf template. Use screen to display make.conf.old file contents in another tab:
cat /mnt/gentoo/etc/make.conf.old | grep CHOST
16. Gather information about CPU and change CFLAGS and CXXFLAGS variables. You will need:
vendor_id
cpu family
model
model name
less /proc/cpuinfo
The safe flags can be found on http://gentoo-wiki.com/Safe_Cflags
17. Change MAKEOPTS variable. A good choice is the number of CPUs in your system plus one. To obtain number of CPU’s use the following command:
cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep ^processor | wc -l
18. Change the variables and USE flags in make.conf template. If you don’t know the destination about specified USE flag, just comment it. A full de******ion on the available USE flags can be found on your system in /usr/portage/profiles/use.desc.
After that, save make.conf.
19. Also edit, if necessary, package.use template:
vi etc/portage/package.use
20. Mount proc and dev filesystems:
mount -t proc none /mnt/gentoo/proc
mount -o bind /dev /mnt/gentoo/dev
21. Copy nameservers info:
cp /etc/resolv.conf etc/
22. Chroot in prepared environment:
chroot /mnt/gentoo /bin/bash
env-update && source /etc/profile
23. Change timezone and set clock options:
cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Chisinau /etc/localtime
nano -w /etc/conf.d/clock
CLOCK="local"
CLOCK_SYSTOHC="yes"
24. Important! You should check again your date/time and update it:
date
date MMDDhhmmYYYY
date && hwclock
hwclock --systohc
25. Update the Portage tree and portage itself:
emerge --sync
emerge -av portage
dispatch-conf
26. Install a kernel sources:
emerge -av gentoo-sources
27. Configure the kernel. You can use screen and tools such lspci/lsusb to gather the hardware information:
cd /usr/src/linux
make menuconfig
lspci -v
28. Compile the kernel and modules:
make && make modules
29. Install GRUB bootloader:
cd
emerge -av grub
30. Install the kernel and modules:
make install && make modules_install
31. Configure GRUB bootloader:
wget sysadmin.md/stuff/grub.conf -O /boot/grub/grub.conf
nano /boot/grub/grub.conf
32. Set up GRUB from grub shell:
grub
grub>find /boot/grub/stage1
grub>root (hd0,0)
grub>setup (hd0)
grub>quit
33. Create and edit /etc/fstab:
wget sysadmin.md/stuff/fstab -O /etc/fstab
nano /etc/fstab
34. Network files configuration:
echo HOSTNAME="gentoosrv" > /etc/conf.d/hostname
nano /etc/hosts
nano /etc/conf.d/net
config_eth0=( "172.16.50.63/23" )
routes_eth0=( "default gw 172.16.50.200")
dns_domain="home.lan"
rc-update add net.eth0 default
35.
36. Instal system logger and sheduler and add them to runlevel default:
emerge -av syslog-ng vixie-cron
rc-update add syslog-ng default
rc-update add vixie-cron default
37. Change root password:
passwd
38. Add a user:
useradd -m -G users,wheel -s /bin/bash dima && passwd dima
39. Add sshd to default runlevel:
rc-update add sshd default
40. Exit the chrooted environment, unmount all partitions and reboot:
env-update && source /etc/profile
exit
cd
umount /mnt/gentoo/boot /mnt/gentoo/dev /mnt/gentoo/proc /mnt/gentoo
reboot
41. Post install operations. Recompile entire world with new settings from make.conf (this may take a couple of hours):
emerge -eav world
dispatch-conf
42. Cleanup:
env-update && source /etc/profile
emerge -a --depclean
emerge -av gentoolkit
revdep-rebuild
env-update && source /etc/profile
43. Install additional software:
emerge -av sudo screen mc vim links logrotate ntp rcs htop
44. Sync system time with a time server:
ntpdate -bu pool.ntp.org
hwclock --systohc
find / | xargs touch
لینک دانلود۱:http://rapidshare.com/files/15319566...stallation.avi
لینک دانلود ۲:http://www.video4admin.com/video/gen...stallation.rar
منبع:www.video4admin.com